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8128 (Cuzco Quechua) {
id: 8128 , code_val: "quz ", code_authorities: "ISO 639-3 ", primary_name: "Cuzco Quechua ", alternate_names: "Cusco Quechua; Qheswa; Quechua Cusco; Quechua de Cuzco; Southern Peruvian Quechua; Southern Kechua language area; Southern Kechua; ", lang_description: "", classification: "Quechuan; Peripheral Quechua; Chinchay ", dialect_varieties: "", public_comment: "The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.)
The combination Cuzco-Collao (sometimes used for the name) implies the inclusion of Puno and eastern Arequipa Quechua, which are slightly different from Cuzco Quechua and carry a heavy substrate from Aymara (cf. ‘Northern Potosí Quechua’). If Northern Bolivian Quechua were not considered separate, it would be part of this cluster of varieties. (Willem Adelaar personal communication) ", private_comment: null, source_id: 89800 , speakers: [ { id: 17456 , code_id: 8128 , speaker_number: "100000 ", speaker_number_text: "1,115,000 ", second_language_speakers: "", semi_speakers: "", children: "", young_adults: "", older_adults: "", elders: "", ethnic_population: "", date_of_info: "", public_comment: "", private_comment: null, source_id: 1521 , preferred: 0, }, { id: 17457 , code_id: 8128 , speaker_number: null, speaker_number_text: "1,500,000 ", second_language_speakers: null, semi_speakers: null, children: null, young_adults: null, older_adults: null, elders: null, ethnic_population: null, date_of_info: null, public_comment: null, private_comment: null, source_id: 1881 , preferred: 0, }, { id: 30143 , code_id: 8128 , speaker_number: "100000 ", speaker_number_text: "1,500,000 ", second_language_speakers: "", semi_speakers: "", children: "", young_adults: "", older_adults: "", elders: "", ethnic_population: "1,500,000 ", date_of_info: "1989 ", public_comment: "(Unchanged 2016.) ", private_comment: null, source_id: 92920 , preferred: 0, }, { id: 32196 , code_id: 8128 , speaker_number: "100000 ", speaker_number_text: "1,500,000 ", second_language_speakers: "", semi_speakers: "", children: "", young_adults: "", older_adults: "", elders: "", ethnic_population: "1,500,000 ", date_of_info: "1989 ", public_comment: "", private_comment: null, source_id: 99395 , preferred: 1 , }, { id: 32197 , code_id: 8128 , speaker_number: null, speaker_number_text: "", second_language_speakers: "", semi_speakers: "", children: "", young_adults: "", older_adults: "", elders: "", ethnic_population: "", date_of_info: "", public_comment: "", private_comment: null, source_id: 99401 , preferred: 0, }, ], language: { code_id: 8128 , featured: 0, cached_documentation_score: -1 , google_group_url: "", simplified_level: "mid ", coordinates: "-13.523176, -71.978731 ", updated_at: "2018-03-29 17:13:49 ", speaker_attitude: "", government_support: "", institutional_support: "", _other_languages_used: "Spanish ", domains_of_use: null, speakers_worldwide: "1,500,000 ", second_language_speakers: null, semi_speakers: "", children: "", young_adults: "", older_adults: "", elders: "", ethnic_population: "1,500,000 ", speakers_worldwide_year: "1989 ", bibliography_of_vitality: "", bibliography_of_context: "99395 ", bibliography_of_locations: "92920 ", user_submission: null, approved: 1 , speakers_int_cache: 1500000 , has_audio_samples: 0, has_document_samples: 0, has_image_samples: 0, has_guide_samples: 1 , has_video_samples: 0, search_simplified_level: "V ", user_id: 1 , code_val_cache: "quz ", has_link_samples: 1 , submission_source_info: null, countries: [ { id: 23 , name: "Peru ", pivot: { language_id: 8128 , country_id: 23 , }, }, ], }, }